What is an underbite?
An underbite, known as a Class III malocclusion or prognathism, is a condition in which the lower jaw and teeth protrude well beyond the upper jaw and teeth. As your child grows, you may begin to notice this issue while monitoring their dental development.
According to Boston Children’s Hospital, about 90 percent of school-age children have some form of malocclusion, including an underbite, overbite, crossbite, or crowded teeth. However, only 10 to 15 percent require orthodontic therapy. Your child’s dentist will determine if treatment is necessary.
But first, how does an underbite develop?
Genetics is the most common cause of an underbite. If you or someone in your family has one, there’s a higher likelihood your child may also develop the condition.
Jaw structure can also be influenced by early childhood habits:
Thumb-sucking: While typical for infants and toddlers, continuing this behavior past age five can push the teeth and jaw out of alignment.
Bottle-feeding and pacifiers: Prolonged use beyond infancy can also impact jaw development. These habits are not necessarily harmful if practiced in moderation.
Does your child need treatment?
As noted earlier, many underbites are mild and don’t require treatment. However, more pronounced underbites that cause trouble with speaking, eating, or self-confidence may need attention.
Untreated underbites can lead to:
- Jaw pain
- Difficulty sleeping
- Excessive tooth wear or decay
- Speech problems
- Broken teeth
Tip: Earlier intervention leads to better outcomes. Since children’s bones are still developing, orthodontic treatment is more effective when started early—often around age 7.
Common treatment options for underbites
Your dental professional will evaluate the severity and recommend the best treatment for your child. Options may include:
Braces: Braces gradually reposition the teeth and jaw. If your child is worried about appearance, ceramic or clear plastic braces may offer a more subtle solution.
Orthodontic devices: Appliances such as expanders, headgear, or retainers help align the jaws. Tip: Consistent use as directed is crucial for success.
Tooth extraction: In cases of overcrowding, removing certain teeth can relieve pressure and help correct the underbite.
Surgery: Surgical intervention is rarely needed, but in severe cases, the jaw may need to be reshaped for proper alignment.
Schedule an appointment with Espire Dental today!
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